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Understanding Long COVID: What Is It and Why Does It Matter?

COVID-19, commonly known as coronavirus, is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Most people who get infected experience respiratory symptoms that can range from mild to moderate, which do not require specialized treatment.

What is long COVID?

COVID-19, commonly known as coronavirus, is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Most people who get infected experience respiratory symptoms that can range from mild to moderate, which do not require specialized treatment; however, a significant portion of the population, especially those with comorbidities, may suffer from severe complications that can be fatal.

People who have been infected may suffer from long COVID, a persistence of the infection that presents with a set of symptoms that come and go or are constant. According to the WHO, long COVID is characterized by symptoms that last at least two months and are not related to another illness.

If you suffered from COVID, with or without severe symptoms, but still experience symptoms of the disease after three months, it is necessary to see a specialist for an evaluation. In Arizona, the best care and treatment for this disease can be found at Mitogenesis, where a specialized team, led by Dr. Mel, will conduct a comprehensive analysis and recommend a holistic treatment so you can regain your health and improve your quality of life.

It is essential to highlight that long COVID can affect anyone who had a mild or even asymptomatic illness, as well as those who experienced severe cases of COVID.

What are the most common symptoms?

Long COVID affects multiple systems of the body, so it can sometimes be confused with other conditions and makes diagnosis difficult. The most common symptoms include:

  • Persistent fatigue
  • Difficulty breathing or dyspnea.
  • "Brain fog" or cognitive difficulties
  • Pain in the joints and muscles.
  • Pain in the chest.
  • Loss of taste and/or smell
  • Sleep problems
  • Palpitations
  • Gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea.
  • Skin rashes

Although these are the most common symptoms, some studies have identified more than 200 symptoms that have been associated with long COVID. The variability of this condition, in addition to complicating its diagnosis, reveals the importance of personalized treatment that is tailored to each patient, their environment, their comorbidities, among other factors.

Who is at greater risk of developing it?

All people who have had COVID-19, whether asymptomatic, with mild symptoms, or who have suffered complications, can develop long COVID symptoms. However, there are certain factors that can increase the risk:

  • Suffering from complications. Having experienced a severe illness due to COVID-19, especially if it required hospitalization or intensive care.
  • Comorbidities. Having pre-existing medical conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity, or lung problems.
  • Age. Children in their early stages of development and the elderly are the most prone.

Some studies have also shown the trend that women are more likely to suffer from long COVID, but the causes have not yet been determined.

Moreover, health inequities related to economic, geographical, and social factors can influence the risk and severity of long COVID.

What causes of long COVID are being investigated?

Currently, six years after the first COVID-19 infections in humans, the exact cause of long COVID is still unknown. There are several lines of research that suggest possible explanations for how this virus can affect a person for such a long time. The most analyzed by the medical community are:

  • Persistence of the virus in the body, which could trigger a continuous immune response.
  • Abnormal immune response, including the production of autoantibodies that attack the body itself.
  • Prolonged inflammation affecting multiple organs and systems.
  • Reactivation of other latent viruses, such as the Epstein-Barr virus.
  • Alterations in the gut microbiota.

It should be considered that, for the moment, they are only hypotheses being explored in studies at different levels. The objective is to understand the pathophysiology of long COVID and how it persists in the body for such a long time in order to develop effective treatments.

How is long COVID diagnosed?

As we mentioned earlier, due to the wide range of symptoms that the disease can present, diagnosing the condition is complicated and can be confused with other ailments. Currently, there is no specific test to diagnose long COVID, but there are clinical assessment methods that allow specialists to determine that COVID is the cause of the symptoms and exclude other possible causes.

At Mitogenesis, the patient's complete history, the duration of symptoms, the environment they are in, among other factors, are taken into account. Based on the comprehensive results of the complementary tests, other conditions are ruled out. It is essential that patients clearly communicate their symptoms and their temporal evolution to facilitate an accurate diagnosis.

What treatment options are available?

Unlike the initial illness, long COVID requires treatment that focuses on symptom relief and improving the quality of life for patients. Since symptoms vary significantly from one individual to another, the therapeutic approach must be personalized and address all factors.

Some strategies include:

  • Physical rehabilitation therapies to improve endurance and lung function.
  • Psychological and psychiatric support to address mental health issues.
  • Management of specific symptoms, such as pain medications or gastrointestinal issues.
  • Energy conservation techniques and post-exertion discomfort management.
  • Lifestyle changes to reduce environmental factors.

It is crucial that patients work closely with their healthcare providers to develop a treatment plan that meets their needs.

Impact on public health and daily life

Long COVID significantly affects the quality of life and how individuals can function in their daily lives. Persistent symptoms can limit people's ability to work, study, and carry out daily activities, which affects their economic and social well-being.

Advice for patients and caregivers

Living with long COVID is a formidable challenge for anyone, regardless of their age or socioeconomic situation. Therefore, it is crucial to follow the general advice of medical specialists and healthcare professionals. Some of the advice we recommend at Mitogenesis is:

For patients

  • Listen to your body: Don't ignore persistent symptoms. Record the symptoms you identify and their duration.
  • Prioritize rest: Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms. Set boundaries and adopt energy conservation strategies.
  • Stay active in moderation: Gentle physical activity can help, but avoid overexertion.
  • Take care of your mental health: Anxiety, depression, or insomnia are common. Seek psychological support if you need it.

For caregivers

  • Practice empathy: Long COVID is not always visible. Listen to and validate the patient's symptoms.
  • Offer logistical and emotional support: From accompanying them to medical appointments to helping them with daily tasks.
  • •Take care of your well-being too: Caregiver self-care is essential to be able to help effectively.

What long COVID treatment do you find at Mitogenesis?

At Mitogenesis, we offer an innovative and personalized approach to treating the symptoms of patients with long COVID. We comprehensively combine functional medicine, the latest in medical technology, and regenerative therapies to address the root causes of the imbalances caused by long COVID.

Advanced diagnostic approach

Before starting any treatment, Mitogenesis conducts a comprehensive panel of tests to identify the origin of the symptoms and highlight other possible conditions. Some of the tests we can perform are:

  • Chronic inflammation biomarkers
  • Personalized immunological assessment
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction studies
  • Genetic and hormonal analyses
  • Intestinal microbiome tests

This holistic approach allows for understanding the biological causes behind persistent symptoms.

Patients who have received personalized therapies at Mitogenesis for long COVID have reported:

  • Improvement in overall energy
  • Decrease in mental fog
  • Recovery of lung function
  • Improvement in concentration and sleep quality.
  • Reduction of inflammatory markers in the blood

Ready to start your journey towards recovery?

If you are dealing with persistent symptoms after COVID-19, at Mitogenesis we offer you a comprehensive evaluation and evidence-based therapies to help you regain your well-being.

Book your personalized consultation at Mitogenesis today and discover a healing plan tailored to your body and health history. Please call us or fill out a contact form with your information!

Sources:

Post COVID-19 condition (Long COVID) (https://www.who.int/europe/news-room/fact-sheets/item/post-covid-19-condition)

Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9839201/)  

Long-COVID, Metabolic and Endocrine Disease (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9363148/)

Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: A metabolic perspective (https://elifesciences.org/articles/78200)  

Reviewed by:

Dr. Mel Schottenstein

Naturopathic Doctor

NMD, MBE, MScN, FICT, FSCT

Disclaimer: The information in this article is provided for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for the advice of your physician or other health care professional. Do not use the information to diagnose or treat a health problem or disease. Always consult with a healthcare professional before taking any medication or nutritional, herbal or homeopathic supplement, or using any treatment for a health problem.

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